A bolt of lightning is 5 times hotter than the surface of the Sun.

A fire tornado is a spinning column of fire — they can reach 1,600°C and heights of over 100 meters.

Wildfires release stored carbon instantly — forests can take centuries to recover that carbon sequestration capacity.

Some trees can communicate with each other using underground fungal networks.

The 2018 Camp Fire became one of California's deadliest wildfires.

Altruism — acting for others' benefit at a cost to yourself — challenges purely self-interested models of human nature.

Restoring wetlands sequesters carbon 55 times faster per hectare than planting tropical forests.

Volcanic eruptions can produce lightning within ash clouds.

Volcanic ash can damage engines and machinery.